Pruning wounds are the usual entry point for the fungi that cause grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs).
In this study, the efficacy of various physical, chemical, and biological treatments to protect pruning wounds was evaluated for the first time under natural infection conditions in two vineyards located in Rioja Alavesa and southern France over three seasons: a sealant, Bloccade®; a fungicide, Tessior® (boscalid + pyraclostrobin); and three biological control products (BCAs) based on Trichoderma species (Esquive®: Trichoderma atroviride I-1237, Vintec®: T. atroviride SC1, and Blindar®: T. asperellum ICC012 + T. gamsii ICC080).
Over 1,200 fungal isolates were obtained in each vineyard and season, associated with five GTDs: Esca, Botryosphaeria dieback, excoriosis, Eutypa dieback, and Cytospora cankers. None of the evaluated products showed complete efficacy against all GTDs. The BCA T. atroviride I-1237 was effective in reducing infection by Botryosphaeriaceae spp. throughout each study season in both vineyards. The re-isolation rates of Trichoderma spp. in treated plants varied widely, ranging from 17% to 100%, with both strains of T. atroviride showing the highest re-isolation rates.
This study was conducted by the BIOVITIS research group from the 'Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV)' in collaboration with ‘Universitat Politècnica de València’, the ‘Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA)’ and Viticultura Viva S.L.
The results of this study have been published in the journal Plant Disease:
https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-02-24-0473-RE
Leal, C., Bujanda, R., López-Manzanares, B., Ojeda, S., Berbegal, M., Villa-Llop, A., Gonzaga Santesteban, L., Palacios, J., Gramaje, D. 2024. Evaluating treatments for the protection of grapevine pruning wounds from natural infection by trunk disease fungi. Plant Disease 108:3052-3062.
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